冷再生技术在公路建设中的应用，相对于传统的路面大修工艺技术，该技术具有原水泥路面旧材料100%完全利用、大幅度降低路面标高抬升幅度、大大缩短施工工期、环境污染小、交通影响小、节约造价约10—15%等显著优点，同时解决了道路旧料浪费的问题，具有能源消耗少、社会经济效益好等优点，是一种资源节约型和环境友好型新技术，有利于促进公路建设绿色高质量发展。

　　The application of cold recycling technology in highway construction has significant advantages compared to traditional pavement overhaul technology, such as 100% full utilization of old cement pavement materials, significant reduction of pavement elevation lifting, greatly shortened construction period, low environmental pollution, minimal traffic impact, and cost savings of about 10-15%. At the same time, it solves the problem of waste of old road materials and has the advantages of low energy consumption and good social and economic benefits. It is a resource-saving and environmentally friendly new technology that is conducive to promoting green and high-quality development of highway construction.

　　01

　　01

　　冷再生机械

　　Cold recycling machinery

　　工作原理及工艺

　　Working principle and process

　　再生器的核心是带有大量特殊刀头的铣削和混合转子。转子通常向上旋转以铣削所需的路面材料。转子随着机器向前行进而旋转。同时，水，乳化沥青或泡沫沥青从再生器通过软管并喷射到再生器的混合室中。这些液体的量由微处理器控制的泵送系统精确控制。研磨转子将水，乳化沥青或泡沫沥青与研磨材料混合，并达到所需的水分含量，以使混合物的压实化。回收技术主要采用原有路面上的专用回收机，铣削，挖掘，破碎，添加稳定剂，水泥，水，乳化沥青或泡沫沥青。加入骨料，按一定比例均匀混合，然后涂抹并预压，然后用辊子进一步压实。

　　The core of the regenerator is a milling and mixing rotor with a large number of special cutting heads. The rotor usually rotates upwards to mill the required pavement material. The rotor rotates as the machine moves forward. At the same time, water, emulsified asphalt or foam asphalt are sprayed from the regenerator through the hose to the mixing chamber of the regenerator. The amount of these liquids is precisely controlled by a microprocessor controlled pumping system. The grinding rotor mixes water, emulsified asphalt or foam asphalt with the grinding material and reaches the required moisture content to maximize the compaction of the mixture. The recycling technology mainly uses the special recycling machine on the original road surface, milling, digging, crushing, adding stabilizer, cement, water, emulsified asphalt or foam asphalt. Add aggregate, mix evenly in a certain proportion, then apply and pre press, and further compact with a roller.

　　02

　　02

　　沥青混凝土路面冷再生施工准备

　　Preparation for Cold Recycling Construction of Asphalt Concrete Pavement

　　施工准备

　　Construction preparation

　　根据施工设计规定，确定下承载层的平整度，致密性和强度。在铺设冷再生混凝土之前，可以将沥青撒在下承载层的表面上，喷洒量控制在每纯沥青0.2-0.3千克之间。测试部分的长度必须控制在200米以上。

　　According to the construction design regulations, determine the flatness, density, and strength of the lower bearing layer. Before laying cold recycled concrete, asphalt can be sprayed on the surface of the lower bearing layer, with a spraying rate controlled between 0.2-0.3 kilograms of pure asphalt per square meter. The length of the testing section must be controlled above 200 meters.

　　室内试验

　　Indoor testing

　　将次混合后的混合物在施工现场的不同部分上取样并过筛。由于砾石含量差异较大，因此不允许在施工期间对每个部分进行水泥用量标准测试。基于此，在每个位置混合和筛分混合物使得碎石含量为47％，大于4.75mm。通常，对于不同的水泥剂量，对该材料进行压实试验，然后获得水含量和干密度的精确值，然后可以进行无侧限抗压强度试验。

　　Take samples and sieve the mixture from different parts of the construction site after the first mixing. Due to significant differences in gravel content, it is not allowed to conduct standard tests on cement usage for each section during construction. Based on this, the mixture is mixed and screened at each location to achieve a crushed stone content of 47%, greater than 4.75mm. Typically, for different cement dosages, compaction tests are conducted on the material to obtain accurate values of water content and dry density, followed by unconfined compressive strength testing.

　　测量

　　measurement

　　严格遵循原始路面铣刨和混合施工的测量结果，设计标高和再生基层厚度要求。根据施工现场施工条件，选择冷再生机械设备。在正常情况下，将选择W2500S冷再生机，以确保原始路面被破碎，铣削和冷却到指定的施工深度，以达到设计厚度。为了保证冷拌混合料的质量，应注意冷拌混凝土的施工。

　　Strictly follow the measurement results of original pavement milling and mixed construction, design elevation and recycled base thickness requirements. Select cold recycling machinery and equipment based on the construction site conditions. Under normal circumstances, the W2500S cold recycling machine will be selected to ensure that the original road surface is crushed, milled, and cooled to the specified construction depth to achieve the design thickness. In order to ensure the quality of cold mix materials, attention should be paid to the construction of cold mix concrete.

　　03

　　03

　　施工工艺

　　construction technology

　　及控制要点

　　And control points

　　施工放样

　　construction layout

　　根据铣削后旧路基层的设计标高，新铺设的冷再生混合料基层的设计依据和试验段确定的松动系数，计算出新基层的铺设高程，然后施工放样。

　　Based on the design elevation of the milled old subgrade layer, the design basis of the newly laid cold recycled mixture subgrade layer, and the looseness coefficient determined by the test section, calculate the laying elevation of the new subgrade layer, and then carry out construction layout.

　　原道路清理整平

　　Clearing and leveling the original road

　　原始路面上的碎屑和积水（包括不需要再生的相邻车道）并清理边缘。拆下再生部分上的井盖和其他类似结构。原始道路的病害，例如翻滚，车辙，下沉，波浪和坑，处理以使原始道路基本上平坦。

　　Remove debris and standing water from the original road surface (including adjacent lanes that do not require regeneration) and clean the edges. Remove the manhole cover and other similar structures from the regeneration section. The diseases of the original road, such as rolling, ruts, sinking, waves, and potholes, should be treated to make the original road basically flat.

　　准备新加料

　　Prepare new ingredients

　　根据原始道路再生深度内的平均密度计算每新材料的数量；根据每辆车的质量或体积。确定每种材料的堆叠距离；根据水泥用量，计算每水泥稳定层所需的水泥用量，并确定水泥放置的垂直和水平间距。

　　Calculate the quantity of new material per square meter based on the average density within the depth of the original road regeneration; Based on the mass or volume of each vehicle. Determine the stacking distance of each material; Calculate the required amount of cement for each square meter of cement stabilized layer based on the amount of cement used, and determine the vertical and horizontal spacing of cement placement.

　　装载新材料时，每种材料的数量应控制在基本相等。在同一堆场的区段中，根据上述计算的从远到近的距离将材料排放到原始路面的中间。将新材料均匀地铺在旧路上并检查新材料是否均匀。

　　When loading new materials, the quantity of each material should be controlled to be basically equal. In the same yard section, discharge the materials to the middle of the original road surface based on the calculated distance from far to near. Spread the new material evenly on the old road and check if the new material is uniform.

　　冷再生拌和

　　Cold regeneration mixing

　　（1）冷再生器推动水轮在原始道路上行驶。行驶速度应根据道路损坏情况和再生深度进行调整，一般为6m / min~12m / min，使铣刨材料的分级波动范围不大。在严重破裂的部分，应该减小再生单元的速度并且应该增加铣削转子的速度。

　　(1) The cold regenerator drives the water wheel to travel on the original road. The driving speed should be adjusted according to the condition of road damage and the depth of regeneration, generally ranging from 6m/min to 12m/min, so that the grading fluctuation range of milling materials is not large. In severely fractured areas, the speed of the regeneration unit should be reduced and the speed of milling the rotor should be increased.

　　（2）再生器后，应有专人跟踪，随时检查再生深度，水泥含量和含水量。并与再生器操作员进行调整。

　　(2) After the regenerator, there should be a dedicated person to track and check the regeneration depth, cement content, and moisture content at any time. And make adjustments with the regenerator operator.

　　（3）如果进行多种结构，请始终注意搭接接头的宽度。

　　(3) If multiple structures are used, always pay attention to the width of the lap joints.

　　（4）在再生器之后，安排4到5人处理边线并清洁混合物中的杂质和每个起始位置的残余材料，以防止纵向接缝，横向接头，平整度和紧凑性的影响再生材料。

　　(4) After the regenerator, arrange 4 to 5 people to handle the edges and clean the impurities and residual materials in the mixture at each starting position to prevent longitudinal joints, transverse joints, flatness, and compactness from affecting the regenerated materials.

　　（5）施工过程中。如果混合物的级配，再生深度和喷水量有任何问题，应停止施工，并在问题解决后继续施工。

　　(5) During the construction process. If there are any problems with the grading, regeneration depth, and water spray volume of the mixture, construction should be stopped and continued after the problems are resolved.

　　（6）每次再生的长度是为了确保后续操作能够正常进行。减少侧向接缝。再生长度（不停机）一般为150m-200m。

　　(6) The length of each regeneration is to ensure that subsequent operations can proceed normally. Reduce lateral seams. The regeneration length (without stopping) is generally 150m-200m.

　　碾压整形

　　roll performing

　　在再生器之后，应该接着用于初始压力的钢鼓振动压路机。高振幅低频压实。压实过程的数量应足以确保再循环层底部的压实符合规定的要求。钢滚筒的工作速度不得超过3km/h。初始压力完成后。它应该立即用平直线形成一条直线。平地机从两侧平整到道路中心；在平曲线部分中，平地机从内向外变平。如有必要，再次刮去。滚动被压到正面的中间，从轻到重。从慢到快，超高的部分从内到外滚动。滚筒破碎必须超过两个接缝部分，每个部分从铺设到滚动完成控制在2小时内。在滚动时，严禁在成品或滚动路段上转动头部和制动器。破碎结束后，滚筒不应长时间停留在路基上。

　　After the regenerator, a steel drum vibratory roller should be used for initial pressure. High amplitude and low frequency compaction. The number of compaction processes should be sufficient to ensure that the compaction at the bottom of the recycling layer meets the specified requirements. The working speed of the steel drum shall not exceed 3km/h. After the initial pressure is completed. It should immediately form a straight line with a flat straight line. The grader flattens from both sides to the center of the road; In the flat curve section, the grader flattens from the inside out. If necessary, scrape it off again. Rolling is pressed to the center of the front, light to heavy. From slow to fast, the ultra-high part scrolls from inside to outside. The crushing of the drum must exceed two joint parts, and each part should be controlled within 2 hours from laying to rolling completion. When rolling, it is strictly prohibited to rotate the head and brake on the finished product or rolling section. After the crushing is completed, the drum should not stay on the roadbed for a long time.

　　接缝和调头处理

　　Seam and turning treatment

　　（1）纵缝处理：道路宽度小于7m，垂直重叠较多。不适合半宽施工，应考虑全宽施工。为了减少重叠量以提高施工效率，一般重叠宽度为50~150mm。当两个相邻操作之间的间隔超过12h时。重叠量应该增加。

　　(1) Longitudinal seam treatment: The road width is less than 7m and there is a lot of vertical overlap. Not suitable for half width construction, full width construction should be considered. In order to reduce overlap and improve construction efficiency, the overlap width is generally 50-150mm. When the interval between two adjacent operations exceeds 12h. The overlap should be increased.

　　（2）横缝处理：形成的水平接缝应小心处理，施工期间应尽量减少停机现象。当关闭超过水泥的初始凝固时间并重建再生器时，整个再生器必须缩回到距离再生段1.5米的距离，并且水泥必须重新铺开。

　　(2) Horizontal joint treatment: The horizontal joints formed should be handled carefully, and the occurrence of downtime should be minimized as much as possible during construction. When the initial setting time of the cement is exceeded and the regenerator is rebuilt, the entire regenerator must be retracted to a distance of 1.5 meters from the regeneration section, and the cement must be spread out again.

　　（3）头部调整处理：如果施工机械必须转向已经压榨的旧沥青路面地面上的冷再生层，应采取措施保护转弯操作部分。通常，将厚的塑料片或油毡纸覆盖在约810米长的稳定层上以便倾倒，然后铺设约10厘米的土壤，并在机械转动后清洁土壤和碎屑。

　　(3) Head adjustment treatment: If the construction machinery must turn towards the cold recycled layer on the old asphalt pavement that has already been pressed, measures should be taken to protect the turning operation part. Usually, thick plastic sheets or felt paper are covered on a stable layer of about 8 to 10 meters long for dumping, followed by laying about 10 centimeters of soil and cleaning the soil and debris after mechanical rotation.

　　养护及封闭交通

　　Maintenance and closure of traffic

　　完成碾压后，立即用草帘覆盖养护。在养护期间，基层表面应保持湿润，养护期不应少于7天。在养护期间，禁止其他车辆通过，并且喷洒器也以低于20/小时的速度行驶，并且不需要突然制动和急转弯。

　　After completing the compaction, immediately cover and maintain with a grass curtain. During the maintenance period, the surface of the base layer should be kept moist, and the maintenance period should not be less than 7 days. During the maintenance period, other vehicles are prohibited from passing through, and the sprayer should also travel at a speed below 20 kilometers per hour without sudden braking or sharp turns.

　　质量检查

　　quality inspection

　　水泥冷再生基础施工质量检验由交通部标准JTG F80 / 1-2004“公路检验质量评价标准”进行。

　　The quality inspection of cement cold recycling foundation construction is carried out in accordance with the Ministry of Transport standard JTG F80/1-2004 "Quality Evaluation Standards for Highway Inspection".

　　04

　　04

　　社会经济

　　socioeconomic

　　效益分析

　　benefit analysis

　　沥青混凝土旧路冷再生技术具有简化施工工艺，节约原材料，节省施工周期，保护环境等优点，具有显着的经济效益和社会效益。

　　The cold recycling technology for asphalt concrete old roads has the advantages of simplifying construction processes, saving raw materials, reducing construction periods, and protecting the environment. It has significant economic and social benefits.

　　1）在经济效率方面，冷再生工艺与其他半刚性基础材料相比节省了以下成本：1旧路面铣刨和外部货物；2基材（基层）原料成本；3原料运输费用；4缩短了施工周期的成本。

　　1) In terms of economic efficiency, the cold recycling process saves the following costs compared to other semi-rigid base materials: 1. milling of old road surfaces and external goods; 2. Raw material cost for substrate (base layer); 3. Raw material transportation costs; 4. Shortened the cost of construction period.

　　2）在社会效益方面，冷再生基础（基质）技术的使用及时改善了道路状况，提高了运输能力，缓解了运输紧张。而且养护期短，驾驶不受影响，表层不会像石灰稳定的土基层，跑车上会产生灰尘，中断时间大大缩短，车辆无需绕行，舆论和影响大大减少，其社会效益不可估量。

　　2) In terms of social benefits, the use of cold recycling technology has timely improved road conditions, increased transportation capacity, and alleviated transportation congestion. And the maintenance period is short, driving is not affected, the surface will not be like a lime stabilized soil base, dust will be generated on sports cars, interruption time is greatly shortened, vehicles do not need to detour, public opinion and influence are greatly reduced, and its social benefits are immeasurable.

　　市政道路的有效维护可以保证人们的出行，货物运输和信息传递，与城市建设和经济发展密切相关。同时，为了实现近年来国际社会倡导的减排目标，已经制定了道路冷再生技术，并通过有效利用原有的道路材料，改造旧的道路已经实现。采用该技术有利于环境保护和材料回收利用。

　　The effective maintenance of municipal roads can ensure people's travel, cargo transportation, and information transmission, which is closely related to urban construction and economic development. At the same time, in order to achieve the energy-saving and emission reduction goals advocated by the international community in recent years, China has developed road cold recycling technology and has achieved the transformation of old roads by effectively utilizing existing road materials. Adopting this technology is beneficial for environmental protection and material recycling.

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