一、施工步骤

　　1、 Construction steps

　　（一）施工准备

　　（1） Construction preparation

　　需要冷再生施工的路面要平坦，如有大坑需在施工前用骨料填平，大包需铲平。以避免施工中机械行走发生倾斜性危险。

　　The road surface that requires cold recycling construction should be flat. If there are large pits, they should be filled with aggregates before construction, and large bags should be leveled. To avoid the risk of tilting of machinery during construction.

　　（二）施工机械

　　（2） Construction machinery

　　冷再生施工中需要冷再生机1台，水罐3辆。振捣压路机1辆。平地机1辆，18-21吨压路机2台。

　　One cold recycling machine and three water tanks are required for cold recycling construction. One vibratory roller. One grader and two 18-21-ton rollers.

　　（三）施工方法：施工前设专人负责设置路档、标志牌，控制与疏导通车半幅的车辆行驶。

　　（3） Construction method: Before construction, a dedicated person is responsible for setting up road barriers and signs, controlling and directing the movement of vehicles on the half width of the road.

　　1、水泥摊铺：

　　1. Cement paving:

　　需要根据结构层的工程量确定水泥的用量，以一米几袋(技术员提前算出)为标准，然后在冷再生施工前将路段所需水泥用人工摊铺好。先向准备施工路段卸水泥，袋装水泥一般以10米一堆卸好在路边码放，雨季施工中需要准备好防雨布，随时准备遮盖。铺前由测量人员放出施工边线，采用人工撒灰线的方法，圈定结构层施工范围，以免水泥铺不到位或浪费。摊铺的时候需根据施工当天的天气情况分段摊铺水泥，现场施工人员将水泥均匀摊开，并注意使每袋水泥的撒布面积相等。水泥撒布完后，表面应没有空白位置，也没有水泥过分集中的地点。是在施工前铺出150米工作面，然后在冷再生施工中以150米为一段流水递进施工。既水泥摊铺始终冷再生作业段150米。以减少水泥的风吹损耗过大和雨季施工天气突变或机械故障所造成的损失。

　　The amount of cement used needs to be determined based on the engineering quantity of the structural layer, with a standard of several bags per meter (calculated by the technician in advance), and then manually spread the required cement for the road section before cold recycling construction. First, unload the cement to the construction section. Bagged cement is usually unloaded in piles of 10 meters and stacked on the roadside. During rainy season construction, it is necessary to prepare waterproof cloth and be ready to cover it at any time. Before laying, the construction boundary shall be set out by the surveyor, and the construction scope of the structural layer shall be delineated by manually sprinkling the ash line to avoid inadequate or wasteful cement laying. When paving, cement should be spread in sections according to the weather conditions on the day of construction. The on-site construction personnel should evenly spread the cement and pay attention to ensuring that the spreading area of each bag of cement is equal. After the cement is spread, there should be no blank spaces on the surface or areas where cement is excessively concentrated. It is best to lay a 150 meter working surface before construction, and then gradually construct in a flow of 150 meters during cold recycling construction. The cement paving always leads the cold recycling operation section by 150 meters. To reduce the excessive wind loss of cement and the losses caused by sudden weather changes or mechanical failures during rainy season construction.

　　水泥摊铺环节有条件的是选用水泥稀浆车或粉料撒布车进行，节省人工、效率高，均匀污染少。

　　If conditions permit, it is best to use cement slurry trucks or powder spreading trucks for cement paving, which saves labor, has high efficiency, and causes less uniform pollution.

　　2、冷再生机作业：

　　2. Cold regeneration machine operation:

　　冷再生机一次破碎拌合宽度为2.4米，工作时需有一辆水罐车紧跟作业保证拌合用水，拌合过程中按照试验单所规定的高于含水量1-2%控制用水（前提是需要知道再生机能打开几个水喷嘴来换算含水量），另有一辆水罐车需满水随时处于待命状态，一旦跟再生机作业的水罐没水了，需即刻补上。以保证冷再生机的持续作业能力。冷再生机行进速度应根据路面损坏状况和再生深度进行调整，一般为6m/min～12m/min，使得铣刨后料的级配波动范围不大。网裂严重地段应降低再生机组行进速度，提高铣刨转子转速。如旧路面层结构层厚度大于8cm，冷再生机行走困难，则需先由冷再生机对旧路面层进行铣刨后，在破碎料上再铺水泥，进行冷再生拌合施工。冷再生工作过程中需要人员跟随随时检查拌合深度和湿度，一般以20米一点为准。如有不合格要及时跟司机反映以便解决。每冷再生施工作业时，振动压路机必须跟在冷再生机后侧20m处，对拌合完的混合料及时采用高幅低频振动碾压一遍，速度等同于冷再生机的行车速度。目的趁含水量时把水封在混合料里。

　　The crushing and mixing width of the cold regeneration machine is 2.4 meters. During operation, a water tank truck is required to closely follow the operation to ensure the mixing water. During the mixing process, the water consumption should be controlled according to the test sheet, which is 1-2% higher than the optimal water content (provided that it is known how many water nozzles the regeneration machine can open to convert the water content). Another water tank truck needs to be fully filled and on standby at all times. Once the water tank working with the regeneration machine runs out of water, it needs to be replenished immediately. To ensure the continuous operational capability of cold regeneration. The traveling speed of the cold recycling machine should be adjusted according to the condition of road damage and the depth of recycling, generally ranging from 6m/min to 12m/min, so that the gradation fluctuation range of the milled material is not large. In areas with severe mesh cracking, the speed of the regeneration unit should be reduced and the milling rotor speed should be increased. If the thickness of the structural layer of the old pavement layer is greater than 8cm and it is difficult for the cold recycling machine to move, the cold recycling machine needs to first mill the old pavement layer, and then lay cement on the crushed material for cold recycling mixing construction. During the cold regeneration process, personnel are required to follow and check the mixing depth and humidity at any time, usually at a rate of 20 meters. If there are any non conformities, they should be reported to the driver in a timely manner for resolution. During each cold recycling construction operation, the vibrating roller must be placed 20 meters behind the cold recycling machine, and the mixed material must be promptly compacted with high amplitude and low frequency vibration once, at a speed equivalent to the driving speed of the cold recycling machine. The purpose is to seal the water in the mixture at the optimal moisture content.

　　再生施工时应考虑两种接缝：与道路中心线平行的纵向接缝和与道路中心线垂直的横向接缝。

　　Two types of joints should be considered during regeneration construction: longitudinal joints parallel to the centerline of the road and transverse joints perpendicular to the centerline of the road.

　　纵向接缝：再生机的工作宽度一般小于道路或行车道的宽度，因此，全幅路的冷再生需多次作业，从而导致和相邻作业面间的纵向接缝。需要沿整条纵缝有一定的重叠量以保证相邻作业面间纵缝的连续性。相邻作业面间的重叠量不小于10cm。路面越厚，重叠量越大；材料粒径越粗，重叠量越大；相邻两次作业间隔12h以上时，重叠量应增加。在纵向接缝上，根据已建再生层的完成时间，改变水的喷入量。纵向接缝的位置应尽量避开缓慢行驶的重型车辆的轮迹。施工时应通过在现有路面上醒目标志或测量基准线的方法建立导向提示，帮助驾驶员正确操纵再生机，避免相邻作业面间存在未拌合的的夹生带。

　　Longitudinal seam: The working width of the regeneration machine is generally smaller than the width of the road or roadway, so the cold regeneration of the entire road requires multiple operations, resulting in longitudinal seams between adjacent working surfaces. There needs to be a certain amount of overlap along the entire longitudinal seam to ensure the continuity of the longitudinal seam between adjacent work surfaces. The overlap between adjacent work surfaces shall not be less than 10cm. The thicker the road surface, the greater the overlap; The coarser the particle size of the material, the greater the overlap; When the interval between two adjacent assignments is more than 12 hours, the overlap should be increased. On the longitudinal seam, adjust the amount of water sprayed according to the completion time of the existing regeneration layer. The position of longitudinal joints should avoid the wheel tracks of slow-moving heavy vehicles as much as possible. During construction, guidance prompts should be established by prominently marking or measuring reference lines on the existing road surface to assist drivers in correctly operating the regeneration machine and avoid the presence of unmixed intermediate zones between adjacent work surfaces.

　　横向接缝：因每次施工开始或终止而形成的横向接缝是不连续的。每次停机，即使是仅需几分钟用于更换罐车、刀头，也将形成一个严重影响再生材料均匀性的横缝。因此施工中尽量减少停机现象，在不可避免的情况下，应对所形成的横缝进行重叠认真处理。处理横向接缝时需要注意含水量，一般起刀落刀时含水量按正常减半。再生施工开始时，所有开始步骤必须严格依次进行，特别是水管的排气程序。所有气体必须在水到达喷洒杆前排除，如果排气不当，有可能在再生施工开始的初几米内，混合料内无水，从而导致路面内出现非稳定路段。在临时停机后重新开始时，整个再生机组应该后退少一个转子直径的距离既1.5-2米到达再生过的材料上。这将保证开始施工后所有材料均得到处理。停机超过水泥初凝时间，再生机再次施工时，必须将整个再生机后退再生过的路段1.5m的距离，并重新撒布水泥。横缝问题只有当施工停止时才会出现。因此，再生机组只能在罐车用空后或类似情况下才能停机。施工中尽量减少停机现象，在每打完一段整幅路后再更换刀头，以不影响后续工序的展开。

　　Horizontal joint: The horizontal joint formed at the beginning or end of each construction is discontinuous. Every shutdown, even if it only takes a few minutes to replace the tanker truck and blade, will create a serious transverse seam that affects the uniformity of the recycled material. Therefore, during construction, efforts should be made to minimize downtime, and in unavoidable situations, overlapping horizontal joints should be carefully treated. When dealing with horizontal joints, attention should be paid to the moisture content. Generally, the moisture content is halved when lifting and dropping the knife. At the beginning of the regeneration construction, all starting steps must be strictly carried out in sequence, especially the exhaust program of the water pipes. All gases must be expelled before the water reaches the spray bar. If the exhaust is not proper, there may be no water in the mixture during the first few meters of regeneration construction, resulting in unstable road sections on the road surface. When restarting after a temporary shutdown, the entire regeneration unit should retreat at least one rotor diameter distance of 1.5-2 meters to reach the regenerated material. This will ensure that all materials are processed after the start of construction. When the shutdown exceeds the initial setting time of the cement and the regeneration machine is restarted, the entire regeneration machine must be moved back to a distance of 1.5 meters from the regenerated section and the cement must be re spread. The problem of transverse joints only occurs when construction is stopped. Therefore, it is best to stop the regeneration unit only when the tanker is empty or in similar situations. Try to minimize downtime during construction, and it is best to replace the blade after completing each section of the entire road to avoid affecting the subsequent process.

　　再生拌和均匀后应色泽一致，没有灰条、灰团和花面，即无明显粗细料离析现象，且水分合适、均匀。每天冷再生施工结束时清洗刀头一定要远离当日施工段的路面进行，以防止洗刀水流入刚打完的路面结构中造成人为软基。

　　After regeneration and mixing evenly, the color should be consistent, without gray strips, gray clusters, or flower surfaces, that is, there should be no obvious separation of coarse and fine materials, and the moisture content should be appropriate and uniform. At the end of each day's cold recycling construction, the cleaning blade must be kept away from the road surface of the construction section to prevent the washing blade from flowing into the newly completed road structure and causing artificial soft foundation.

　　3、整形及碾压：

　　3. Plastic surgery and compaction:

　　再生混合料拌和均匀并由振动压路机稳压1遍后，应立即用平地机初步整形。在直线和不设超高的平曲线段，平地机由路肩向路中心进行刮平；在设超高的平曲线段，平地机由内侧向外侧进行刮平。必要时再返回刮一遍，对于局部低洼处，应用铁镐将其表层5cm以上耙松，并用新拌的混合料进行找平。整形过程中应及时粗细料离析现象。既由人工配合机械把大块没有破碎掉的旧路料掉。整形时应将高处料直接刮出路外，不应形成薄层贴补现象。

　　After the recycled mixture is evenly mixed and stabilized by a vibratory roller once, it should be immediately preliminarily shaped using a grader. On straight lines and flat curved sections without superelevation, the grader flattens from the shoulder towards the center of the road; When setting a super-high flat curve section, the grader flattens it from the inside to the outside. If necessary, return and scrape again. For locally low-lying areas, use an iron pick to loosen the surface layer by more than 5cm and level it with freshly mixed material. During the plastic surgery process, the phenomenon of coarse and fine material segregation should be eliminated in a timely manner. Both manually and mechanically remove large pieces of old road material that have not been broken. During plastic surgery, the high material should be directly scraped out of the road without forming a thin layer of patching.

　　平地机初平完成后,由振动压路机高幅/低频稳压一遍,然后由测量工按照质量控制要求分左、中、右三点放样控制标高和横坡度（直线段20米1点，弯道10米一点），指导平地机进行细致找平，达到调拱度、调坡度的目的。保证平整度、横坡度符合设计要求。施工中要坚持“宁刮不补”的原则，如果要补料的话，当确定要补5cm以上的混合料，补料的时候，需在新补料中多掺水泥并保证含水量，以确保粘结性，碾压的时候能不松散不起皮。在用平地机做的终平工作时，一定要特别小心，确保对整个表面进行刮平，使其纵向顺适，路拱和超高符合设计要求。不要在低洼处落下刀片，必须将局部高出部分刮除并扫出路外，因为这些料与下层料之间是没有粘结力的，碾压的时候容易造成起皮压不住现象。终平应仔细进行，对于局部低洼之处，不再进行找补，可留待铺筑沥青面层时处理。

　　After the initial leveling of the grader is completed, the vibrating roller stabilizes the high amplitude/low frequency once, and then the surveyor sets out and controls the elevation and cross slope (1 point for straight sections at 20 meters and 1 point for curved sections at 10 meters) at three points on the left, middle, and right according to quality control requirements, guiding the grader to perform detailed leveling to achieve the purpose of adjusting the arch and slope. Ensure that the flatness and cross slope meet the design requirements. During construction, the principle of "better scraping than patching" should be adhered to. If material needs to be added, when it is determined that more than 5cm of the mixture needs to be added, more cement should be added to the new material and the moisture content should be ensured to ensure adhesion and prevent loosening or peeling during compaction. When using a grader for the final leveling work, special care must be taken to ensure that the entire surface is scraped flat, making it longitudinally smooth, and the road arch and superelevation meet the design requirements. Do not drop the blade in low-lying areas. The locally raised parts must be scraped off and swept out, as there is no bonding force between these materials and the lower layer, which can easily cause peeling and inability to press during compaction. The final leveling should be carried out carefully. For locally low-lying areas, no further filling is required, and they can be left to be treated when laying the asphalt surface layer.

　　找平完毕后由振动压路机进行1-2遍碾压，碾压前如混合料表面风干，必要时由洒水车喷洒补水，以防压不住。初压时使用高幅/低频振动模式，以便压实层面的下部，随后使用低幅/高频振动模式压实再生层的上部。碾压原则先轻后重，自路边向路中依次碾压，碾压速度应控制在速度，注意错轮宽度并且不漏压。另外，使用振动压路机的时候，应注意以下几点：路面有油气管线横过路管的两侧1米范围内，不可采用振动模式压实。使用高幅/低频振动模式压实往往会扰动层面顶部的材料，尤其是表面。不过在使用低幅/高频振动模式压实之前用平地机找平可以修正过来。若达到材料的密度后仍然继续碾压，则会破坏材料，降低材料的密度。根据混合料的厚度和外在表现形式防止过压。

　　After leveling, the vibratory roller shall be used for 1-2 passes of rolling. If the surface of the mixture is air dried before rolling, it may be necessary to use a sprinkler truck to spray water if necessary to prevent it from being crushed. Use high amplitude/low frequency vibration mode during initial compaction to compact the lower part of the layer, and then use low amplitude/high frequency vibration mode to compact the upper part of the regeneration layer. The principle of rolling should be light first and then heavy, rolling from the roadside to the middle of the road in sequence. The rolling speed should be controlled at the lowest speed, and attention should be paid to the width of the wrong wheel and not missed. In addition, when using a vibratory roller, the following points should be noted: within a 1-meter range of oil and gas pipelines crossing the road surface, vibration mode compaction should not be used. The use of high amplitude/low frequency vibration modes for compaction often disturbs the material at the top of the layer, especially the surface. However, leveling with a grader before using low amplitude/high-frequency vibration mode for compaction can be corrected. If rolling continues even after reaching the maximum density of the material, it will damage the material and reduce its density. Prevent overpressure based on the thickness and external manifestation of the mixture.

　　由18-21T光轮压路机进行终压。压路机以1档低速行驶，2台压路机以错1/2大轮能互换过道路施工中线为准，后轮压完路面全宽时即为一遍。碾压2-3遍，碾压原则由两侧路中，以保持住路拱。由振动压路机快速行走一遍除去明显轮迹，碾压结束。严禁压路机在已完成的或正在碾压的路段上调头或急刹车，应保证再生层表面不受破坏。碾压过程中，再生层的表面应始终保持湿润，如水分蒸发过快，应及时补撒少量的水，但严禁大量洒水碾压。碾压过程中，如有“弹簧”、松散、起皮等现象，应及时翻开重新拌和（加适量的水泥）或用其他方法处理，使其达到质量要求。

　　Finally, the 18-21T light wheel roller is used for final compaction. The road roller travels at a low speed in first gear, and two rollers can cross the construction centerline of the road with half of their large wheels interchangeable. When the rear wheels have pressed the full width of the road surface, it is considered as one pass. Roll 2-3 times, from both sides to the center of the road, to maintain the road arch. Finally, the vibrating roller quickly travels once to remove obvious wheel marks, and the rolling is completed. It is strictly prohibited for the roller to turn around or brake abruptly on the completed or rolling road section, and the surface of the regeneration layer should be ensured not to be damaged. During the rolling process, the surface of the regeneration layer should always be kept moist. If the water evaporates too quickly, a small amount of water should be sprinkled in a timely manner, but it is strictly prohibited to sprinkle a large amount of water for rolling. During the rolling process, if there are "springs", looseness, peeling and other phenomena, they should be promptly opened and re mixed (with an appropriate amount of cement) or treated with other methods to meet the quality requirements.

　　因为水泥的关系，在施工期间，从加水拌合碾压成型洒水养生，不应超过4个小时。

　　Due to the nature of cement, during the construction period, it should not exceed 4 hours from mixing with water to rolling and shaping with water for curing.

　　4、洒水养生

　　4. Watering for health preservation

　　完成碾压后，水罐车进行洒水养生，洒水时注意边角要洒到，不能遗漏，洒水养生时使喷出的水成雾状，避免将水直接喷射，防止将成型表面冲成离析或坑洼。每天洒水的次数应视气候而定。整个养生期间应始终保持稳定土层表面潮湿，因含水泥但不封闭交通，水量不易过大，限制重车通行，其他车辆的车速不应超过30km/h，以防施工完成路段被过往车辆压出明显车辙，养生期不少于7天。

　　After the compaction is completed, the water tanker truck is sprayed with water for curing. When spraying water, attention should be paid to the edges and corners, and no omissions should be made. When spraying water for curing, the sprayed water should be misty to avoid direct spraying and prevent the formed surface from being washed into segregation or potholes. The frequency of watering per day should depend on the climate. Throughout the entire health preservation period, the surface of the stable soil layer should be kept moist. Due to the presence of cement but not closed traffic, the amount of water should not be too large, and heavy vehicles should be restricted from passing through. The speed of other vehicles should not exceed 30km/h to prevent obvious ruts from passing vehicles on the completed road section. The health preservation period should not be less than 7 days.

　　二、注意事项

　　2、 Precautions

　　（一）控制要点

　　（1） Control points

　　1、混合料含水量现场监测办法，一手抓起一把混合料，用力握实，然后松手让其自由落向地面，正常会立即摔散花，里面没有小团料。反复试验，介于落地松散和抱团之间的临界含水量即含水量，一般比试验单上的含水量数值多1%-2%。

　　1. The optimal on-site monitoring method for the moisture content of the mixture is to grab a handful of the mixture with one hand, firmly grasp it, and then release it to let it fall freely to the ground. Normally, it will immediately scatter without any small lumps inside. Repeated experiments have shown that the critical moisture content between loose ground and clumping, which is the optimal moisture content, is generally 1% -2% higher than the optimal moisture content value on the test sheet.

　　2、作业施工水罐车停车时一定要离开已施工或待施工水泥已摊铺路面，以防止漏水引起的局部水大。

　　2. When parking the construction water tank truck, it is necessary to leave the already constructed or to be constructed cement paved road surface to prevent local water accumulation caused by water leakage.

　　3、施工车辆停放时一定要错开第二天的段道预工作面，以防止耽误第二天的人工水泥摊铺，施工车辆不要停放在已完成施工的路面上。防治破坏新建结构和影响后期洒水养生。

　　3. When parking construction vehicles, they must be staggered from the first section of the pre work surface the next day to prevent delaying the manual cement paving the next day. It is best not to park construction vehicles on the road surface that has already been constructed. Prevent and control the damage to newly constructed structures and the impact on later watering and health preservation.

　　4、避免犯“过压”的错误，即过度压实。若达到材料的密实度后仍然继续碾压，则会破坏材料，反而降低其密实度。

　　4. Avoid making the mistake of "over compaction", that is, excessive compaction. If rolling continues even after reaching the maximum density of the material, it will damage the material and instead reduce its density.

　　5、冷再生机的施工作业应该在每天下午15:00—16:00之间结束，以便后续施工能在天黑前结束。

　　5. The construction operation of the cold recycling machine should be completed between 3:00 pm and 4:00 pm every day, so that subsequent construction can be completed before dark.

　　6、每天冷再生机结束施工进行洗刀停车后，应通知操作手仔细检查车况并更换刀头，以免耽误第二天的施工进度。

　　6. After the construction of the cold recycling machine is completed and the knife washing is stopped every day, the operator should be notified to carefully inspect the condition of the vehicle and replace the knife head to avoid delaying the construction progress of the next day.

　　三、常见问题的处理方法

　　3、 Common problem handling methods

　　1、如果混合料局部水大的话，为防止翻浆压不住。需将水大的混合料挖出换成含水量适合的混合料（如是碾压完成的施工段需多掺水泥）回填后，进行人工找平后压路机碾压。

　　1. If there is a large amount of water in the local area of the mixture, in order to prevent the slurry from boiling and not being able to be pressed down. The mixture with high water content needs to be excavated and replaced with a mixture with suitable water content (if the construction section has been compacted, more cement needs to be added) for backfilling. After manual leveling, the road roller should be used for compaction.

　　2、如有施工完路段，发现漏条或跳打现象，由人工在冷再生漏打的地域按比例铺上水泥，再生机重新倒车作业重打，如是漏打的地方很小，则小应铺满冷再生转子一样大的地方，由再生机扣刀打一下即抬起，原则就是避免多打，破坏已完成的结构。

　　2. If there is a section of road that is missing or skipped during construction, cement should be manually laid in proportion in the area where the cold recycling was missed. The recycling machine should then reverse and redo the work. If the missed area is very small, it should be covered with a minimum of the same size as the cold recycling rotor. The recycling machine should then lift it up with a knife to avoid over hitting and damaging the completed structure.

　　3、如果雨季施工水泥已铺到路上，赶上下雨，视雨水大小情况，适当减少或停止冷再生机作业的供水，用振动压路机迅速振动碾压一遍后，如混合料沾轮情况严重，平地机迅速找平后停止光轮压路机碾压，用振动压路机振动碾压2遍后即可。

　　3. If the cement has already been laid on the road during the rainy season and it rains, depending on the size of the rainwater, the water supply for the cold recycling machine operation should be reduced or stopped appropriately. After using a vibrating roller to quickly vibrate and roll once, if the mixture is seriously stuck to the wheels, the grader should quickly level it and stop the smooth wheel roller from rolling. Use a vibrating roller to vibrate and roll twice before rolling.

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