随着我国公路行业的发展，现今我国早期所修建的公路都已经面临大修以及中修了，每年都有着许多的沥青路面需要进行维修和补建。如果在原有沥青路面基础上进行修建，那么将会使得路面被抬高，同时也会影响原来路面的相关配套设施的使用，而且这样的补修方式也会使得成本投入变高，资源也会造成浪费。然而再生技术则能使原来路面的材料再次被投入到路面使用中，同时也能够促使路面的性能恢复，极大程度的符合了可持续发展战略需求。不过在这之中也需要相关技术人员加强研究与探索，限度的发挥出再生技术的利用价值。

　　With the development of China's highway industry, the highways built in the early days of our country are now facing major and medium repairs, and there are many asphalt pavements that need to be repaired and repaired every year. If the construction is carried out on the basis of the original asphalt pavement, it will raise the pavement and also affect the use of related supporting facilities on the original pavement. Moreover, this repair method will increase the cost investment and waste resources. However, regeneration technology can enable the materials of the original road surface to be reused on the road surface, while also promoting the recovery of road performance, which greatly meets the needs of sustainable development strategies. However, it is also necessary for relevant technical personnel to strengthen research and exploration in order to maximize the utilization value of regenerative technology.

　　冷再生机租赁

　　Cold Recycling Machine Rental

　　现今我国公路总里程呈现出稳步增长的局面，据交通运输部统计数据显示，2010年以来，我国公路总里程不断增加，截止到2019年末，我国公路总里程为501.25万，相对于去年增长了16.60万。公路密度52.21/百平方，增加了1.73/百平方。随着我国基础建设投资、重视程度的增加，高速公路的建设也呈平稳增长趋势，高速公路里程14.96万，增加了0.7万。在公路建设持续发展的状态下，交通流量也在不断加大，这也给沥青路面带来了极大的压力，早期的沥青路面损毁较为严重，都面临着大、中修整。在这之中再生技术的出现解决了燃眉之急，它的快速、、资源再利用等优势特点得到了极大青睐。

　　Currently, the total length of highways in China is showing a steady increase. According to statistics from the Ministry of Transport, since 2010, the total length of highways in China has been continuously increasing. As of the end of 2019, the total length of highways in China was 5.0125 million kilometers, an increase of 166000 kilometers compared to last year. The road density is 52.21 kilometers per 100 square kilometers, an increase of 1.73 kilometers per 100 square kilometers. With the increasing investment and emphasis on infrastructure construction in our country, the construction of highways has also shown a steady growth trend, with a total length of 149600 kilometers, an increase of 7000 kilometers. With the continuous development of highway construction, traffic flow is also increasing, which has brought great pressure to asphalt pavement. Early asphalt pavement was severely damaged and faced major and medium repairs. The emergence of regeneration technology has solved the urgent problem, and its advantages such as speed, environmental protection, and resource reuse have been greatly favored.

　　全深式就地冷再生施工工艺主要采用就地冷再生施工设备对需要修复的破损沥青路面进行冷铣刨、破碎以及筛选，再按比例加入新集料、再生结合料、水泥、石灰、水等，经过常温搅拌后，把这些物料铺设路面上，再经碾压后成型。这一施工工艺是需要一整套工序在现场有序的完成。其中全深式就地冷再生包含着沥青材料层与非沥青材料层。

　　The full depth on-site cold recycling construction technology mainly uses on-site cold recycling construction equipment to cold mill, crush, and screen the damaged asphalt pavement that needs to be repaired. Then, new aggregates, recycled binders, cement, lime, water, etc. are added in proportion. After mixing at room temperature, these materials are laid on the pavement and then compacted to form. This construction process requires a complete set of procedures to be completed in an orderly manner on site. The full depth in-situ cold regeneration includes an asphalt material layer and a non asphalt material layer.

　　沥青路面再生技术的优势

　　The advantages of asphalt pavement recycling technology

　　(1)节约成本

　　(1) Cost savings

　　在沥青路面的大、中修中使用全深式就地冷再生基层施工工艺与传统的修整沥青路面相比，极大的节约了修整成本。

　　Compared with traditional asphalt pavement repair, the use of full depth on-site cold recycling base construction technology in major and medium repairs greatly saves repair costs.

　　(2)工期缩短

　　(2) Shortened construction period

　　在沥青路面中使用全深式就地冷再生基层施工工艺能够有效的缩短施工工期，尽快使得维修好的沥青路面投入到使用中，同时也能有效的提高施工区域内行车水平。这一施工工艺相比原来的施工工艺来说更加的简便，同时也可以在施工过程中开放交通，保证道路的畅通，不会造成交通拥堵现象。

　　The use of full depth on-site cold recycling base construction technology in asphalt pavement can effectively shorten the construction period, quickly put the repaired asphalt pavement into use, and also effectively improve the safety driving level in the construction area. This construction process is more simple and efficient compared to the original construction process, and can also open up traffic during the construction process, ensuring smooth roads and avoiding traffic congestion.

　　(3)节约资源

　　(3) Save resources

　　在全深式就地冷再生基层施工工艺中能够有效的节约资源，促进对环境的保护。它在施工过程中能够将原本在沥青路面建设中使用过的材料进行二次回收利用，特别是一些砂石材料，避免了再次开采这类资源，造成浪费。在回收利用这一系列材料中也能够避免这些材料被废弃占用土地资源，造成环境污染。

　　In the construction process of fully deep on-site cold recycling base, it can effectively save resources and promote environmental protection. It can recycle and reuse materials that were originally used in asphalt pavement construction during the construction process, especially some sand and gravel materials, avoiding the waste caused by the re exploitation of such resources. Recycling this series of materials can also prevent them from being discarded and occupying land resources, causing environmental pollution.

　　(4)提高路面的平整度

　　(4) Improve the smoothness of the road surface

　　在沥青路面修复过程中采用全深式就地冷再生基层施工工艺能够有效的保留现有道路的完整性结构与净空，同时还能够有效的纠正路面纵断面以及横坡现象，极大的提高了路面的平整度。

　　The use of full depth on-site cold recycling base construction technology in the process of asphalt pavement repair can effectively preserve the integrity structure and clearance of the existing road, while also effectively correcting the longitudinal and transverse slope phenomena of the road surface, greatly improving the smoothness of the road surface.

　　(5)冷再生基层施工工艺能够复原

　　(5) Cold recycling base construction technology can restore

　　冷再生基层施工工艺适用于修复大面积道路损毁，当采用这一施工工艺进行修复后，路面的使用性能与原先完整的路面无差别，新铺设的路面基本符合原本的路面性能。

　　The cold recycling base construction technology is suitable for repairing large areas of road damage. When this construction technology is used for repair, the performance of the road surface is no different from the original intact road surface, and the newly laid road surface basically meets the original road surface performance.

　　全深式就地冷再生施工工艺与质量控制措施

　　Construction technology and quality control measures for fully deep on-site cold recycling

　　(1)全深式就地冷再生施工工艺原理

　　(1) Principle of Full Depth On site Cold Recycling Construction Technology

　　全深式就地冷再生施工工艺需要将沥青路面中全部厚度的沥青面层与预定比例汇总的下卧层统一进行粉碎与搅拌融合在一起，以此来提供升级的均匀基层材料的维修技术。若旧材料中没有足够的力学性能与结构强度承载预期中的荷载，那么就需要在其中加入新的集料，同时也需要按照一定的比例加入定量的化学稳定剂，以此来达到预期的效果。

　　The full depth on-site cold recycling construction process requires the uniform crushing and mixing of the entire thickness of asphalt surface layer in the asphalt pavement with the predetermined proportion of the underlying layer, in order to provide upgraded and uniform base material maintenance technology. If the old material does not have sufficient mechanical properties and structural strength to bear the expected load, new aggregates need to be added to it, and a certain proportion of chemical stabilizers need to be added to achieve the expected effect.

　　冷再生机租赁

　　Cold Recycling Machine Rental

　　在全深式就地冷再生施工工艺操作中需要再生层的下承层完好无损，且它的厚度应不低于10cm，同时也需要尽可能的满足结构层面所需的强度需求。在全深式就地冷再生技术中，其中厚度对于单一压实层在使用水泥与石灰时要把厚度控制在15~25cm之间。在使用乳化沥青以及泡沫沥青材质时厚度则需要控制在8~16cm之间。单层冷再生层面若厚度过厚那么在压实该层面时就会出现问题，导致相关器械无法压实该层面，特别在越下方的越不易被压实。在满足压实度要求的再生层中，除了应在平均压实度方面达到要求之外，表层5cm与底部5cm之间的密度差距应控制在2%以内。当然在施工过程中也可以选择双层再生，这就需要把存有一定厚度的表层材料进行铣刨，然后再对下面的路面进行就地冷再生，接着将铣刨的表层材料进行搅拌融合再进行铺设。双层再生层面铺设不受之前所描述的厚度的限制。

　　In the operation of the fully deep on-site cold recycling construction process, it is necessary to ensure that the lower layer of the recycling layer is intact, and its thickness should not be less than 10cm. At the same time, it is also necessary to meet the strength requirements of the structural layer as much as possible. In the fully deep in-situ cold recycling technology, the thickness of a single compacted layer should be controlled between 15-25cm when using cement and lime. When emulsified asphalt and foam asphalt materials are used, the thickness should be controlled within 8~16cm. If the thickness of the single-layer cold recycling layer is too thick, there will be problems when compacting the layer, causing the relevant equipment to be unable to compact the layer, especially the lower the layer, the less likely it is to be compacted. In the recycled layer that meets the compaction requirements, in addition to meeting the requirements in terms of average compaction, the density difference between the surface 5cm and the bottom 5cm should be controlled within 2%. Of course, double-layer regeneration can also be chosen during the construction process, which requires milling and planing the surface material with a certain thickness, and then on-site cold regeneration of the underlying road surface. Then, the milled surface material is mixed and fused before laying. The double-layer regeneration layer is not limited by the thickness previously described.

　　(2)全深式就地冷再生施工中所使用的机械设施设备

　　(2) Mechanical facilities and equipment used in the construction of fully deep on-site cold recycling

　　在运用全深式就地冷再生施工工艺时不需要使用大型机械设备，主要使用的机械设备包含再生设备、稳定剂添加设备、平地机以及压路机。

　　When using the full depth on-site cold recycling construction process, large mechanical equipment is not required. The main mechanical equipment used includes recycling equipment, stabilizer addition equipment, grader, and roller.

　　冷再生机租赁主要的功能就在于粉碎与回收材料，它在全深式就地冷再生施工工艺操作中占据着主要的位置。冷再生机租赁可以粉碎、搅拌30cm厚度的沥青路面及下卧层材料。在冷再生机设备中的滚筒中应该装置可以进行替换的碳化钨齿刀具，同时还应装有人力操作与自动操作的装置，另外这一设备也应可以有效的调节滚筒转动速度，以此来适应不同厚度材质的粉碎与搅拌。

　　The main function of leasing a cold recycling machine is to crush and recycle materials, and it occupies a major position in the operation of the full depth on-site cold recycling construction process. Cold recycling machine rental can crush and mix asphalt pavement and underlying layer materials with a thickness of 30cm. In the cold regeneration equipment, tungsten carbide toothed cutting tools that can be replaced should be installed in the drum, and manual and automatic operation devices should also be installed. In addition, this equipment should be able to effectively adjust the rotation speed of the drum to adapt to the crushing and mixing of materials with different thicknesses.

　　另外再生材料中若含水量没有达到既定标准那么就需要让其在通过干燥的过程中达到既定含水量标准，另外若再生材料过干，那么也需要补足水分。冷再生机就可以配备相应的水喷头对再生材料添加水分，在对再生材料粉碎以及搅拌的过程中也可以进行水分的添加，同时在这时添加水分也能更好的进行估计。

　　In addition, if the moisture content in the recycled material does not meet the established standard, it needs to be allowed to reach the established moisture content standard during the drying process. In addition, if the recycled material is too dry, it also needs to be replenished with moisture. The cold regeneration machine can be equipped with corresponding water nozzles to add moisture to the regenerated material. During the process of crushing and stirring the regenerated material, moisture can also be added, and adding moisture at this time can better estimate.

　　当在再生材料中添加稳定剂时，若添加的稳定剂为粉状物，那么就需要定量摊铺撒料。干粉稳定剂可以在粉碎沥青层路面时加入也可以在冷再生机搅拌再生材料之前加入。不够粉状物的稳定剂会受到天气因素的影响，另外在定量摊铺撒料操作中也易于产生尘雾，对施工操作人员和环境有着极大的影响。当稳定剂为液体状态加入到冷再生机中时，需要随带的计算机液体添加系统对各个液体添加量进行精准计算，同时也需要有一个与冷再生机前进速度相关的正互锁系统，从而使得液体稳定剂的添加量跟随着冷再生机运行的变化而发生变化。

　　When adding stabilizers to recycled materials, if the stabilizer added is in powder form, it is necessary to spread the material in a quantitative manner. Dry powder stabilizer can be added during the crushing of asphalt pavement or before mixing the recycled material in the cold recycling machine. Stabilizers that are not powdery enough will be affected by weather factors, and in addition, dust and mist are easily generated during quantitative paving and spreading operations, which have a great impact on construction operators and the environment. When the stabilizer is added to the cold regeneration machine in a liquid state, it is necessary to have a computerized liquid addition system to accurately calculate the amount of each liquid added. At the same time, a positive interlock system related to the speed of the cold regeneration machine is also required, so that the amount of liquid stabilizer added changes with the operation of the cold regeneration machine.

　　当冷再生机完成粉碎与搅拌融合任务后就需要运用到平地机进行铺设与整形操作。在再生材料铺设中对其铺设的厚度有着严谨的需求，因此在压路机的选择上就会偏重、大。因此经过压路机的作用能够让再生材料的铺设更加的完整、自然，能够圆满完成自身所需要完成的任务量，以此保证所铺设的路面能够满足使用需求，能够承载预期设计时的载重、荷载。

　　After the cold recycling machine completes the crushing and mixing fusion tasks, it needs to be applied to the leveling machine for laying and shaping operations. There is a strict requirement for the thickness of recycled material laying, so the selection of rollers will be biased and large. Therefore, through the action of the roller, the laying of recycled materials can be more complete and natural, and the required amount of tasks can be successfully completed to ensure that the road surface can meet the usage needs and bear the expected design load.

　　(3)全深式就地冷再生施工工艺技术

　　(3) Full depth on-site cold recycling construction technology

　　要进行施工放样，检查全深式就地冷再生相关机械设施设备的准备情况，以及备料情况，接着再进行定格操作、铺设水泥，在这一步骤中需要对水泥的用量进行细致的检查。接着再使用冷再生机加水进行搅拌工作，这一步骤也需要检查水泥剂量与用水量，一定要按照规定的标准以及需求使用相关材料，当搅拌完成后就将其铺设路面，通过使用羊角碾进行初步碾压，在碾压过程中需要检测厚度，厚度也需要按照相关要求进行操作。接下来就使用平地机进行压平操作，这一步骤中需要补充洒水，同时施工人员要配合平地机进行压平操作，避免一些地方操作漏失。然后再运用光轮压路机对平地机压过的路面进行复压，在复压过后胶轮压路机要再压一次，同时在这个过程中要检测路面各个指标是否达到了设计要求。当以上操作都符合操作规范与各项指标后就需要将修复的这段沥青路面安置防撞筒覆盖土工布进行养生，以便之后更好的投入到使用中。

　　Firstly, construction layout should be carried out to check the preparation and material preparation of the mechanical facilities and equipment related to the full depth on-site cold recycling. Then, the fixed frame operation and cement laying should be carried out, and the amount of cement used should be carefully checked in this step. Next, the cold recycling machine is used to add water for mixing work. This step also requires checking the cement dosage and water consumption. It is necessary to use relevant materials according to the prescribed standards and requirements. After mixing is completed, it is laid on the road surface and preliminarily rolled using a sheep horn roller. During the rolling process, the thickness needs to be checked and operated according to relevant requirements. The next step is to use a grader for flattening operation, which requires additional watering. At the same time, construction personnel should cooperate with the grader to carry out flattening operation to avoid operational errors in some areas. Then, the smooth wheeled roller is used to re press the road surface that has been flattened by the grader. After re pressing, the rubber wheeled roller needs to press again for the last time, and during this process, it is necessary to check whether the various indicators of the road surface meet the design requirements. When all the above operations comply with the operating specifications and various indicators, it is necessary to install a safety anti-collision tube on the repaired asphalt pavement and cover it with geotextile for curing, so as to better put it into use in the future.

　　在运用全深式就地冷再生施工工艺时需要将机械设备配备好，按照施工过程中所需要运用到的各项机械设备来按套配备，以此保证该工艺在施展时井然有序，避免手忙脚乱现象的发生。当建设施工过程中所需的设施设备到位后就需要对所需要使用到的各种材料用量进行计算。例如在水泥稳定剂通过干粉状加入时，应先计算出所需要掺和多少数量的水泥。公式为:水泥用量(kg/㎡)=压实厚度(m)×干容量(kg/m?)×压实度(%)×水泥剂量(%)/(1+水泥剂量(%))。通过这一公式来计算水泥用量，再推算水泥稳定剂用量。

　　When using the full depth on-site cold recycling construction process, it is necessary to first equip the mechanical equipment according to the various mechanical equipment required during the construction process, in order to ensure that the process is carried out in an orderly manner and avoid the occurrence of flustered situations. After the necessary facilities and equipment are in place during the construction process, it is necessary to calculate the amount of various materials needed. For example, when adding cement stabilizer in dry powder form, the required amount of cement should be calculated first. The formula is: cement dosage (kg/㎡)=compacted thickness (m) × maximum dry capacity (kg/m?) × compaction degree (%) × cement dosage (%)/(1+cement dosage (%)). Calculate the amount of cement and then calculate the amount of cement stabilizer using this formula.

　　在全深式就地冷再生施工工艺操作过程中还能够运用到一种预布材料，其中预布水泥需要对预布的长度进行控制，以此保障冷再生机在搅拌再生材料时能够正常运行。另外也需要依据冷再生机的行驶速度以及路面坡度、横坡的大小来确定预布的长度，在一般情况中预布长度为80~150m，在冷再生机搅拌再生材料的同时进行撒布操作，避免过往车辆在行驶过程中车速过快带动预布造成污染，从而也对材料造成一定的损失、浪费。

　　In the operation process of the full depth on-site cold recycling construction technology, a pre laid material can also be used, in which the pre laid cement needs to be controlled in length to ensure the normal operation of the cold recycling machine when mixing recycled materials. In addition, the length of the pre cloth needs to be determined based on the driving speed of the cold recycling machine, as well as the size of the road slope and cross slope. In general, the pre cloth length is 80-150m. It is best to carry out the spreading operation while the cold recycling machine is mixing the recycled materials to avoid pollution caused by passing vehicles driving the pre cloth too fast during the driving process, which may also cause certain losses and waste to the materials.

　　在运用全深式就地冷再生施工工艺修补路面的过程中，冷再生机能够处理的宽度一般会与路面的宽度之间存在着一定的差距，因此就需要多次进行粉碎操作来处理需要修补的沥青路面，基于此就会使得路面出现多个纵向接头以及一些搭接现象。

　　In the process of using the full depth on-site cold recycling construction technology to repair the road surface, there is generally a certain gap between the width that the cold recycling machine can handle and the width of the road surface. Therefore, multiple crushing operations are required to process the asphalt road surface that needs to be repaired, which will result in multiple longitudinal joints and some overlapping phenomena on the road surface.

　　其中冷再生机的工作速度对于之中能够修补多少沥青路面存在着极大的影响。在这之中沥青路面的厚度、硬度以及需要加入到再生材料中的下卧层的厚度、再生材料的要求和冷再生机的生产能力等等都会对冷再生机的工作效率造成一定的影响。

　　The working speed of cold regeneration has a significant impact on how much asphalt pavement can be repaired in a day. The thickness and hardness of the asphalt pavement, as well as the thickness of the underlying layer that needs to be added to the recycled material, the requirements of the recycled material, and the production capacity of the cold recycling machine will all have a certain impact on the efficiency of the cold recycling machine.

　　结语

　　Conclusion

　　现今在我国将全深式就地冷再生施工工艺广泛运用到了沥青路面的修整中，全深式就地冷再生施工工艺的使用节约了大量的成本支出，同时对于资源浪费现象也能够有效的解决，它其中的原有沥青路面材料二次回收利用对于解决环境污染与资源匮乏现象有着极大的作用。

　　Nowadays, the fully deep on-site cold recycling construction technology is widely used in the repair of asphalt pavement in China. The use of the fully deep on-site cold recycling construction technology saves a lot of cost expenditures and can effectively solve the problem of resource waste. The secondary recycling of the original asphalt pavement material plays a great role in solving environmental pollution and resource scarcity.

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