一、基础定义与核心概念

　　1、 Basic Definition and Core Concepts

　　冷再生拌合机是道路工程、地基处理领域的核心施工机械，无需加热，直接在常温下将旧路面材料、原位土壤、建筑垃圾等破碎、筛分，同时与水泥、土壤固化剂、水、外加剂等均匀拌合，形成符合工程强度要求的再生混合料，用于道路基层、底基层、软基回填、边坡加固等场景，是固废资源化、绿色施工的关键设备。

　　Cold recycling mixer is a core construction machinery in the fields of road engineering and foundation treatment. It does not require heating and directly crushes and screens old pavement materials, in-situ soil, construction waste, etc. at room temperature. At the same time, it is uniformly mixed with cement, soil solidifier, water, additives, etc. to form a recycled mixture that meets the strength requirements of the project. It is used in road base, sub base, soft foundation backfilling, slope reinforcement and other scenarios. It is a key equipment for solid waste resource utilization and green construction.

　　二、核心分类（按作业方式/结构）

　　2、 Core classification (by assignment method/structure)

　　（一）按作业形式

　　（1） According to the form of homework

　　1. 移动式冷再生拌合机：自带行走装置（轮式/履带式），灵活转场，适合道路沿线、零散工地、中小型工程原位再生作业；

　　1. Mobile cold recycling mixer: equipped with a walking device (wheel/track type), flexible transition, suitable for in-situ recycling operations along roads, scattered construction sites, and small and medium-sized projects;

　　2. 固定式冷再生拌合机：固定安装于拌合站，批量生产再生混合料，适合大型工程、集中供料场景。

　　2. Fixed cold recycling mixer: fixedly installed at the mixing station, capable of mass production of recycled mixtures, suitable for large-scale engineering and centralized feeding scenarios.

　　（二）按结构与功能

　　（2） According to structure and function

　　1. 路面冷再生拌合机：专用旧沥青路面再生，配备铣刨、拌合双功能，直接在路面原位作业；

　　1. Road surface cold recycling mixer: specialized for regenerating old asphalt road surfaces, equipped with dual functions of milling and mixing, directly operating in situ on the road surface;

　　2. 土壤/稳定土冷再生拌合机：适配土壤、固化土、灰土拌合，兼容土壤固化剂等新型材料，多用于路基、地基处理；

　　2. Soil/Stable Soil Cold Recycling Mixing Machine: Suitable for mixing soil, solidified soil, and lime soil, compatible with new materials such as soil solidifiers, and commonly used for roadbed and foundation treatment;

　　3. 建筑垃圾再生拌合机：针对建筑垃圾破碎后再生利用，强化破碎、除杂功能。

　　3. Construction waste recycling mixer: aimed at the recycling and reuse of broken construction waste, it strengthens the functions of crushing and impurity removal.

　　（三）按行走方式

　　（3） By walking mode

　　1. 轮式冷再生拌合机：转场速度快，适合公路、市政道路远距离作业；

　　1. Wheel type cold recycling mixer: fast transition speed, suitable for long-distance operations on highways and municipal roads;

　　2. 履带式冷再生拌合机：接地比压低，适合泥泞工地、软基场地、边坡等复杂地形。

　　2. Crawler type cold recycling mixer: With a low grounding ratio, it is suitable for complex terrains such as muddy construction sites, soft foundation sites, and slopes.

　　三、核心结构组成（全部件解析）

　　3、 Core structure composition (analysis of all components)

　　1. 动力系统：柴油发动机（主流132-260kW），提供整机动力，保障连续作业；

　　1. Power system: Diesel engine (mainstream 132-260kW), providing overall power and ensuring continuous operation;

　　2. 行走系统：轮式（轮胎+驱动桥）/履带式（履带+驱动轮），实现移动与作业定位；

　　2. Walking system: wheeled (tire+drive axle)/tracked (track+drive wheel), achieving movement and job positioning;

　　3. 拌合转子系统：核心工作部件，含拌合刀、刀座、转子轴，负责物料破碎、搅拌，刀头耐磨材质（合金），适配不同硬度物料；

　　3. Mixing rotor system: The core working components include the mixing blade, blade holder, and rotor shaft, responsible for material crushing and mixing. The blade head is made of wear-resistant material (alloy) and is compatible with materials of different hardness;

　　4. 物料供给系统：粉料仓（水泥、固化剂）、水箱、外加剂箱，精准计量输送拌合辅料；

　　4. Material supply system: powder silo (cement, curing agent), water tank, admixture tank, precise metering and conveying of mixing materials;

　　5. 破碎筛分系统：内置破碎齿、筛分网，将大块物料破碎合格粒径，去除杂质；

　　5. Crushing and screening system: Built in crushing teeth and screening mesh, crushing large materials to qualified particle size and removing impurities;

　　6. 控制系统：电控操作台，实现转速调节、辅料计量、行走速度控制，部分带智能数显、数据记录；

　　6. Control system: Electronic control console, realizing speed adjustment, auxiliary material measurement, walking speed control, some with intelligent digital display and data recording;

　　7. 传动系统：液压传动/机械传动，传递动力，保障转子、行走协同作业；

　　7. Transmission system: hydraulic transmission/mechanical transmission, transmitting power to ensure the coordinated operation of rotor and walking;

　　8. 辅助系统：散热、除尘、照明，适配长时间作业与要求。

　　8. Auxiliary system: heat dissipation, dust removal, lighting, suitable for long-term operation and environmental protection requirements.

　　四、核心工作原理

　　4、 Core working principle

　　1. 原位作业：设备行走作业面，转子高速旋转，破碎旧路面/原位土壤；

　　1. In situ operation: The equipment travels to the working surface, the rotor rotates at high speed, and the old road surface/in-situ soil is broken;

　　2. 辅料输送：动力驱动粉料、水、固化剂按预设配比精准输送拌合区；

　　2. Auxiliary material transportation: Power driven powder, water, and curing agent are accurately transported to the mixing area according to the preset ratio;

　　3. 均匀拌合：转子搅拌将破碎物料与辅料充分混合，形成均匀再生混合料；

　　3. Uniform mixing: The rotor mixer thoroughly mixes the crushed material with the auxiliary material to form a uniform regenerated mixture;

　　4. 成型摊铺：拌合后物料直接摊铺于作业面，后续经压实、养护达标。

　　4. Forming paving: After mixing, the materials are directly spread on the working surface, and then compacted and cured to meet the standards.

　　五、关键技术参数（工程实用指标）

　　5、 Key technical parameters (engineering practical indicators)

　　1. 拌合深度：路面再生10-30cm，土壤固化/软基处理可达50cm；

　　1. Mixing depth: Road regeneration 10-30cm, soil solidification/soft foundation treatment can reach 50cm;

　　2. 拌合宽度：2.0-2.5m（主流机型），适配道路标准宽度；

　　2. Mixing width: 2.0-2.5m (mainstream models), suitable for road standard width;

　　3. 生产效率：100-300t/h，履带式机型适配复杂地形效率略低；

　　3. Production efficiency: 100-300t/h, the efficiency of crawler models adapted to complex terrain is slightly lower;

　　4. 发动机功率：132kW（小型）、162kW（中型）、220kW+（大型重载）；

　　4. Engine power: 132kW (small), 162kW (medium), 220kW+(large heavy-duty);

　　5. 行走速度：作业速度0.5-3km/h，转场速度10-30km/h（轮式）；

　　5. Walking speed: Operating speed of 0.5-3km/h, transition speed of 10-30km/h (wheeled);

　　6. 计量精度：粉料±1%、水量±0.5%，保障混合料配比精准；

　　6. Measurement accuracy: ± 1% for powder and ± 0.5% for water, ensuring accurate mixing ratio of the mixture;

　　7. 整机重量：15-35t，轮式偏轻、履带式偏重。

　　7. Overall weight: 15-35t, with light wheels and heavy tracks.

　　六、施工工艺流程（标准化作业）

　　6、 Construction process flow (standardized operation)

　　1. 施工准备：清理作业面杂物，检测原土/旧路面含水率、粒径，设计固化剂/水泥配比；

　　1. Construction preparation: Clean up debris on the work surface, check the moisture content and particle size of the original soil/old road surface, and design the ratio of curing agent/cement;

　　2. 设备调试：检查发动机、转子、计量系统，预设配比、拌合深度、行走速度；

　　2. Equipment debugging: Check the engine, rotor, and metering system, preset the mixing ratio, mixing depth, and walking speed;

　　3. 原位破碎拌合：设备匀速前进，转子破碎物料，同步输送辅料，均匀拌合；

　　3. In situ crushing and mixing: The equipment moves at a constant speed, the rotor crushes the material, synchronously transports the auxiliary materials, and mixes evenly;

　　4. 混合料检测：现场取样，检测含水率、拌合均匀度，微调设备参数；

　　4. Mixture testing: on-site sampling, testing moisture content, mixing uniformity, and fine-tuning equipment parameters;

　　5. 摊铺整平：拌合后物料自然摊铺，人工/平地机整平设计标高；

　　5. Paving and leveling: After mixing, the materials are naturally spread and leveled manually/with a grader to the design elevation;

　　6. 压实作业：用压路机分层压实，保障压实度符合设计要求；

　　6. Compaction operation: Use a roller to compact in layers, ensuring that the compaction degree meets the design requirements;

　　7. 养护成型：常温养护3-7天，检测强度、压实度，合格后进入下道工序。

　　7. Maintenance molding: Maintain at room temperature for 3-7 days, test strength and compaction, and enter the next process after passing the inspection.

　　七、适配材料与应用场景

　　7、 Suitable materials and application scenarios

　　（一）适配拌合材料

　　（1） Suitable for mixing materials

　　1. 原位土壤：黏土、砂土、粉质土等各类路基土；

　　1. In situ soil: various types of roadbed soils such as clay, sandy soil, and silty soil;

　　2. 再生材料：旧沥青路面、旧水泥混凝土、建筑垃圾、尾矿、粉煤灰；

　　2. Recycled materials: old asphalt pavement, old cement concrete, construction waste, tailings, fly ash;

　　3. 胶凝材料：水泥、石灰、土壤固化剂（核心适配）、矿粉；

　　3. Cementitious materials: cement, lime, soil stabilizer (core compatibility), mineral powder;

　　4. 辅料：水、早强剂、缓凝剂等外加剂。

　　4. Auxiliary materials: water, early strength agent, retarder and other additives.

　　（二）核心应用场景

　　（2） Core application scenarios

　　1. 道路工程：旧路改造基层再生、新建道路路基拌合、市政道路基层施工；

　　1. Road engineering: regeneration of old road base, mixing of new road subgrade, and construction of municipal road base;

　　2. 地基处理：软土地基固化、基坑回填、场地平整加固；

　　2. Foundation treatment: solidification of soft soil foundation, backfilling of foundation pit, site leveling and reinforcement;

　　3. 固废利用：建筑垃圾、工业尾矿资源化处理，绿色施工；

　　3. Solid waste utilization: Resource utilization of construction waste and industrial tailings, green and environmentally friendly construction;

　　4. 边坡工程：边坡固化拌合，提升边坡稳定性，防止水土流失。

　　4. Slope engineering: slope solidification and mixing to enhance slope stability and prevent soil erosion.

　　八、性能优势（工程核心价值）

　　8、 Performance advantage (core value of engineering)

　　1. 绿色：常温作业无废气排放，固废循环利用，减少新材料消耗；

　　1. Green and environmentally friendly: no exhaust gas emissions during normal temperature operations, solid waste recycling, and reduced consumption of new materials;

　　2. 经济：原位作业无需转运物料，缩短工期，降低运输成本；

　　2. Efficient and economical: In situ operations do not require material transfer, shorten the construction period, and reduce transportation costs;

　　3. 配比精准：智能计量系统，保障混合料强度稳定，适配土壤固化剂等新型材料；

　　3. Accurate proportioning: Intelligent metering system ensures stable strength of the mixture and adapts to new materials such as soil solidifier;

　　4. 适应性强：履带式适配泥泞、软基复杂地形，轮式转场灵活；

　　4. Strong adaptability: The track type is suitable for muddy and soft terrain, and the wheeled transition is flexible;

　　5. 强度可控：通过调整固化剂、水泥配比，满足不同工程强度要求。

　　5. Controllable strength: By adjusting the ratio of curing agent and cement, different engineering strength requirements can be met.

　　九、日常维护与保养

　　9、 Daily maintenance and upkeep

　　1. 作业前：检查发动机机油、冷却液，紧固转子刀头、传动部件，清理料仓杂质；

　　1. Before homework: Check the engine oil and coolant, tighten the rotor blade and transmission components, and clean the impurities in the silo;

　　2. 作业中：监控发动机温度、转子转速，及时清理堵塞物料，避免过载；

　　2. During homework: Monitor engine temperature and rotor speed, promptly clean up blocked materials, and avoid overload;

　　3. 作业后：清理拌合转子、料仓残留物料，检查刀头磨损情况，更换易损件；

　　3. After homework: Clean the mixing rotor and residual materials in the silo, check the wear of the cutting head, and replace vulnerable parts;

　　4. 定期保养：每50小时更换机油、滤芯，每200小时检查液压系统，长期停用做好防锈、防尘。

　　4. Regular maintenance: Change the oil and filter element every 50 hours, check the hydraulic system every 200 hours, and take measures to prevent rust and dust if it is not used for a long time.

　　十、常见故障与排除

　　10、 Common faults and troubleshooting

　　1. 转子转速不足：检查发动机动力、传动皮带/液压系统，调整张紧度、维修液压泵；

　　1. Insufficient rotor speed: Check the engine power, transmission belt/hydraulic system, adjust the tension, and repair the hydraulic pump;

　　2. 拌合不均匀：调整辅料计量精度，清理转子杂物，检查刀头磨损；

　　2. Uneven mixing: Adjust the measurement accuracy of auxiliary materials, clean up rotor debris, and check blade wear;

　　3. 行走无力：检查行走驱动系统、履带/轮胎气压，维修液压马达；

　　3. Walking weakness: Check the walking drive system, track/tire pressure, and repair the hydraulic motor;

　　4. 计量不准：校准计量传感器，清理粉料仓结块，检查输送泵。

　　4. Inaccurate measurement: Calibrate the measurement sensor, clean the powder silo clumps, and check the conveying pump.

　　十一、主流厂家与机型参考

　　11、 Mainstream manufacturers and model references

　　1. 国内：徐工、三一重工、柳工、山推；

　　1. Domestic brands: XCMG, Sany Heavy Industry, Liugong, Shantui;

　　2. 机型参考：徐工XL2103（路面冷再生）、山推SR22M（土壤拌合）。

　　2. Model reference: XCMG XL2103 (road cold recycling), Shantui SR22M (soil mixing).